Painting of San Cristobal in an altar in Havana Cathedral, Cuba

Interior of a Havana Cathedral, Cuba

Photograph from the nave of chandelier in dome, fresco, altar in Havana Cathedral, Cuba

Head sections of New Era Barley, the barley is part of Edgar S. McFadden's research

Two head sections of cross-pollinated barley (No. 1), the barley is part of Edgar S. McFadden's research

Hearings before the United States Senate Committee on Rules prescribing penalties for certain acts of violence or intimidation and interior nominations. They contain statements from Ben Reifel.

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Darrell Henderson, former Grand Electric and West River Cooperative Telephone manager and 2005 South Dakota Association of Cooperative Hall of Fame inductee.

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Virgil Herriot, former Sioux Valley Empire Electric Association manager.

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Joseph Hieb, former Lyman County Cooperative leader and 2000 South Dakota Association of Cooperative Hall of Fame inductee.

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Julian and Verna Holter, Farmers Union and Cooperative activists at Canton, South Dakota.

Holdy Rosary Mission Church and dormitory. This mission the Mother Catholic Mission for the Pine Ridge Reservation

Bureau of Indian Affairs officials visit the Holy Rosary Mission in Pine Ridge, South Dakota; from the right: (second) Superintendent Towle; (third) Commissioner Emmons; (fourth) Rev. Lawrence Edwards, S.J., Superior of Holy Rosary Mission; From the Left (fourth) Rev. John Bryde, S.J. , principal of Holy Rosary Mission; (fifth) Ben Reifel, Aberdeen Area Director; (sixth) Representative Ely. Berry; (seventh) Assistant Commissioner Rex Lee

Honor Guard ceremonies at Caserma Passalacqua in Verona, Italy. The congressional party salute the colors

Honor Guard of Italian Carabinieri pass in review before Maj. Gen. J. Strom Thurmond and Maj. Gen. Eugene F. Cardwell during ceremonies at Caserma Passalacqua in Verona, Italy. In the background are senators, representatives and congressional aides in Italy for a tour of the U.S. Army's Southern European Task Force

Honor Guard of Italian Carabinieri pass in review before Maj. Gen. J. Strom Thurmond and Maj. Gen. Eugene F. Cardwell during ceremonies at Caserma Passalacqua in Verona, Italy. In the background are senators, representatives and congressional aides in Italy for a tour of the U.S. Army's Southern European Task Force

Ceremony honoring two American Indian code talkers

Leaf from the Hours of the Virgin. The handwritten page dates to 1440-1450, is Flemish, and made of velum. The recto contains 13 lines of unornamented text. The verso also has 13 lines with one rubricated phrase. The letter O is historiated in red, blue, and gold and connected to marginal flourishes in gold and blue. The Hours of the Virgin, part of the Book of Hours that include devotional prayers for different times of the day. Hours of the Virgin, also known as the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, contained psalms, lessons, hymns, and prayers said at each of the eight canonical hours: Matins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers, and Compline. The Book of Hours was the bestselling book of the Middle Ages.

Leaf from the Hours of the Virgin. The page is made of velum and was created in France around 1450. The recto contains 18 lines with the first 7 lines have been rubricated. The letter D in the middle of the page has been historiated red, blue, and gold and connected to marginal flourishes. The verso also has 18 lines with several phrases rubricated. The Hours of the Virgin, part of the Book of Hours that include devotional prayers for different times of the day. Hours of the Virgin, also known as the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, contained psalms, lessons, hymns, and prayers said at each of the eight canonical hours: Matins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers, and Compline. The Book of Hours was the bestselling book of the Middle Ages.

Leaf from the Hours of the Virgin. The page is made of velum originated in Northern France between 1450 and 1460. The recto contains 16 lines with rubricated and historiated initials and rectangular ornamentation in red, blue, and gold. The verso has 16 lines with rubricated and historiated initials, flowers, and rectangular ornamentation in red, blue, and gold. The Hours of the Virgin, part of the Book of Hours that which are devotional prayers for different times of the day. Hours of the Virgin, also known as the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, contained psalms, lessons, hymns, and prayers said at each of the eight canonical hours: Matins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers, and Compline. The Book of Hours was the bestselling book of the Middle Ages.

Leaf from the Book of Hours (Use of Rome) that was printed by Philippe Pigouchet for Simon Vostre in Paris, France, 1496. The leaf is of velum and decorated with metal cuts along the edges. This is an incunabula leaf as it is printed rather than handwritten. The recto contains 27 printed lines with hand painted rubricated and historiated initials and rectangular ornamentation in red, blue, and gold. The metal cuts depict scenes regarding the crucifixion and Jesus visiting Mary afterward. The verso has 27 lines and does not include hand painted ornamentations. The metal cuts depict scenes of Jesus and his apostles. The Book of Hours include psalms, lessons, hymns, and devotional prayers said at each of the eight canonical hours: Matins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers, and Compline. The Book of Hours was the bestselling book of the Middle Ages.

House of Representatives Committee on Appropriations Sub-Committee on Interior and related agencies; Left to Right: George Evans, Joe McDade, Ben Reifel, Winfield Denton, Mila Kirwan, Julia Hansen

House of Representatives Committee on Appropriations Sub-Committee on Interior and related agencies; Left to Right: George Evans, Joe McDade, Ben Reifel, Winfield Denton, Mila Kirwan, Julia Hansen

Roster of House Wednesday Group members with Ben Reifel's name on it, as well as an introduction and overview of what they do in the group.

Statements by Senator Hubert Humphrey about Richard Nixon's lack of interest in agriculture until the election and how the American farmer is suffering under Nixon's policies. The president of the Wisconsin Farmers Union speaking against the recommendations to the Secretary of Agriculture from the National Milk Producers' Federation executive committee.

Book featuring Ben Reifel, as well as many others who have been awarded the Indian Achievement Award of the Indian Council Fire.

Dr. Ned A. Hatathli, President of Navajo Community College, received the 1971 Indian Council Fire achievement award from Ben Reifel; from left to right: Dr. Ned A. Hatathli; Louis R. Bruce, Commissioner of Indian Affairs; Ben Reifel, director, Office of Indian Programs, National Parks Service; Elmer Bennett, Arrow Inc.

Indian Council Fire Achievement award ceremony held at the National Aviation Club in Washington, D.C., Dr. Ned A Hatathli is the 1971 Indian Achievement award winner; from left to right: Ben Reifel, director, Office of Indian Programs, National Park Service; Leo W. Vocu, executive director, National Congress of American Indians; Louis R Bruce, Commissioner of Indian Affairs; Dr. Ned A. Hatathli, President of Navajo Community College; Forrest Gerard, director, Office of Indian Affairs, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; Tom Colosino Director or Arrow Inc.; Hon. Virgil L. Kirk, Chief Justice, Navajo Tribal Courts; Elmer Bennett, Arrow Inc.

Dr. Ned A. Hatathli, President of Navajo Community College, received the 1971 Indian Council Fire achievement award; from left to right: George Lavatta, Special Assistant to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs; Ben Reifel, director, Office of Indian Programs, National Park Service; Louis R. Bruce, Commissioner of Indian Affairs; Dr. Ned A. Hatathli, President of Navajo Community College; Leo W. Vocu, executive director, National Congress of American Indians; Forest Gerard, director, Office of Indian Affairs, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

Indian pageant at Black Hills Ordnance Depot in Provo, South Dakota, showing Helen Morganti of Lead, South Dakota being adopted into the tribe as Princess Silver Cloud, and Chief Afraid of Horses, the show was held for the war workers at the depot; the photograph is signed in ink on the front: Sincerely, Helen Morganti

Former Representative Ben Reifel at a Indian Society seminar at Black Hills State College in Spearfish, South Dakota

Bill Wright states that the Indiana Farmers Union is disappointed in the reduction of price supports on soybeans. Sid Gross from Iowa talks about the corporation farming legislation that is held up in committees in the Iowa state legislature. He wants the legislation to get out of committee and be discussed. He urges people to contact their senator or representative to move the bill forward.

Distinguished Service and Valor awardees and the Secretariat - 25th Honor Awards Convocation - Interior auditorium; Left to Right - Top Row: Captain Matthew V. Carson, Jr., USN, Office of the Secretary; Joseph V.B. Wells, Geological Survey; Christopher J. San Fellipo, Geological Survey; Paul Zinner, Bureau of Mines; Ulric J Gendron, Bureau of Reclamation; William M. Deaton, Bureau of Mines; James Westfield, Bureau of Mines; Elmer P. Myers, Bureau of Indian Affairs; John S. Knowles, Bureau of Land Management; George L. Collins, National Park Service; Charles E. Peterson, National Park Service; A. Clark Stratton, National Park Service; Dick Sutton, National Park Service; Left to Right - Front Row: Floyd H. Phillips, Bureau of Indian Affairs; Alphonse Kemmerich, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries; Administrative Assistant Secretary Beasley; Andrew W. Anderson; Bureau of Commercial Fisheries; Monty Wilcox; Louise A. Wilcox; Orpha R. McPherson, Bureau of Indian Affairs; Secretary Udall; Clara B. Gonzales, Bureau of Indian Affairs; Assistant Secretary Carver; Assistant Secretary Holum; Fannibelle Jackson, Bureau of Land Management; Under Secretary Carr; Assistant Secretary Briggs; Benjamin Reifel, Bureau of Indian Affairs; Father John G. Kuhn, Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle

James Patton, National President of the Farmers Union speaks about having confidence in the importance of the United Nations, and the tenth anniversary meeting of the International Federation of Agricultural Producers ten-day conference at Purdue University in Indiana. Topics covered are: Russia, nuclear weapons, Dr. Albert Schweitzer, interdependence of nations, Cold War, economic disparities among nations, communism, poverty, capital investment abroad, developing nations. Secretary Sharma of the Farmers Forum of India speaks about nuclear weapons, peace, and Mahatma Ghandi. National President of the Farmers Union of the United Kingdom, Sir James Turner, founder of the I.A.P., speaks very briefly.

Huron, South Dakota Mayor E. F. Carsons and South Dakota Secretary of Agriculture Charles Britt welcome the delegates of the International Federation of Agriculture Producers to South Dakota in the hopes of promoting international relationships. Activities include a parade to the Farmers Union building and a tour of a farm in rural Huron. Select members of the delegation are interviewed.

Tony Dechant, National Secretary of the Farmers Union introduces the delegates of the International Federation of Agriculture Producers at the gala event honoring their visit to Huron, South Dakota. Professor K. F. Svarstrom from Sweden speaks about the United Nations. Charles F. Brannan, former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture, offered greetings. Congress George McGovern, speaks about striving for a prosperous agriculture and a peaceful world. He also speaks about racial equality, the economy, and foreign aid. The President of the International Federation of Agriculture Producers, John Andrew, a farmer from New Zealand, thanks everyone for the warm welcome they received.

South Dakota United Nations Association speaker Charles Whites, Director of the Food and Agriculture Office at the United Nations in New York. Whites speaks about the need to strengthen the political side of the U.N. He also speaks about the veto powers of the five big countries and the voting strength of the smaller nations. He also speaks about the concept of 'one world government' and the need of nations to learn to work together.

Interview with Charles White, Director of the Food and Agriculture Office at the United Nations in New York. Whites speaks about the need to strengthen the political side of the U.N. He also speaks about the veto powers of the five big countries and the voting strength of the smaller nations. He also speaks about the concept of 'one world government' and the need of nations to learn to work together.

Flanked by American Indian elders and overseas delegates, J. Blanton Belk gives the keynote speech at the demonstration for modernizing America on Mackinac Island, Michigan. Ben Reifel is visible in the background looking left

James Abourezk and George McGovern sitting and talking with a man in Cuba

James Abourezk and George McGovern sitting and talking with a man in Cuba

James Abourezk and George McGovern sitting and talking with a man in Cuba

James Abourezk smiling and dining with others in Cuba

James Abourezk talking and dining with others in Cuba

James Abourezk speaking to unidentified woman in Cuba

Interview of James G. Patton, former president of the National Farmers Union, about the future of agriculture and American values. Interview of Charles Nash, director of the Ohio Farmers Union, about a lawsuit regarding property taxes.

John Bean Robe on his deceased wife's allotment of 320 acres

John Garnier, a mix blood living on his wife's allotment of 160 acres with a two room log house, shingle roof, and good floor

John White Bear living on his grandmother's allotment of 160 acres

Johnson Scabby Face on his deceased daughter's allotment as he is the sole heir to the estate of 160 acres

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Robert Johnson, 2001 South Dakota Association of Cooperative Hall of Fame inductee.

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Eunice Jones, former South Dakota Rural Electric Association and South Dakota Association of Cooperative staff member.

Pouring cement at the Kennebec, South Dakota Farmers Union Co-op elevator during construction. Color film. No sound.

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Clement Kloucek, South Dakota Hall of Fame member.

Labon Holy Pipe on his own allotment of 32- acres, house build with personal funds

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Loyd Larson, Farmers Union Marketing and Processing Association board member and president, South Dakota Farmers Union and Sioux Valley Electric board member.

WNAX radio station in Yankton, South Dakota presents the Layman's Hour Christmas program presented by the American Baptists with choral singing and man speaking, telling the Christmas story.

Letter to Gertrude Stickney Young from Dean of the Faculty of Economics in the University of London informing her of a resolution passed by the remaining faculty in response to the death of her husband, Allyn Abbot Young. See MA8-02_003 ,Tribute to Allyn Abbot Young,

Letter to Gertrude Stickney Young from Hilton M. Briggs in thanks of her fifty-four years of service to South Dakota State College (SDSU).

Letter of congratulations and thanks to Gertrude Stickney Young from South Dakota State College (SDSU) President Hilton M. Briggs regarding her publishing of an article in the Argus-Leader and as a banquet guest

Letter to South Dakota State College (SDSU) President Hilton M. Briggs from Starlene Mitchell, Administrative Assistant to South Dakota Governor, Archie Gubbrud, congratulating employees with twenty-five years or more service to the state

Letter from Gertrude Stickney Young to Miss Corlie F. Dunster in Shelby, Montana, in response to an inquiry regarding her book ,South Dakota: An Appreciation

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with George Levin, former South Dakota Farmers Union board member and Farmer Union Marketing and Processing Association director.

Man named Bob speaks to members of the South Dakota Farmers Union about a livestock marketing cooperative made of members from all farmers organizations. A question and answer session follows.

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Quentin Louden, Rural Electric Cooperative leader and 1995 South Dakota Association of Cooperative Hall of Fame inductee.

Luck Spider Back Bone living on his allotment of 640 acres, 1 room log house, dirt root, and dirt floor

Maj. Gen. J. Strom Thurmond accompanied by Honor Guard Commander Capt. Charles E. Guilford salutes the colors during Honor Guard ceremonies

South Dakota Farmers Union Communications Director, Chuck Groth, Cooperative Legacy Project interview with Robert Martin, former East River Electric Power Cooperative staff member and Rushmore Electric Cooperative general manager.