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Level of description
Title
Date(s)
- 1862, 1901, 1925-2021, undated (Creation)
Extent
24.27 linear feet (26 document cases, 3 oversize boxes)
Name of creator
Biographical history
Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve (pronounced S-navy) (b. February 21, 1933) is a celebrated Lakota writer, educator, and historian, renowned for her significant contributions to Native American literature and cultural preservation. An enrolled member of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe, she was raised on the Rosebud Reservation in South Dakota.
Sneve attended Bureau of Indian Affairs day schools and graduated in 1950 from St. Mary's Episcopal High School for Indian Girls in Springfield, South Dakota. She earned a Bachelor of Science degree from South Dakota State University in 1954 and began her career as an English and music teacher in White and later Pierre, South Dakota.
After a period devoted to raising her three children, she returned to teaching in 1965 at Flandreau Indian School, where she taught English, speech, and drama, eventually becoming a guidance counselor. In 1969, she earned a Master of Education degree from South Dakota State University.
Her literary career was launched in 1971 when her manuscript Jimmy Yellow Hawk won a competition held by the Council on Interracial Books. This led to a publishing contract with Holiday House, which released Jimmy Yellow Hawk and High Elk's Treasure in 1972. Expanding into nonfiction, Sneve edited South Dakota Geographic Names and authored The Dakota's Heritage in 1973. Her body of work has grown to include a history of the Episcopal Church in South Dakota, Completing the Circle (1995), and The First Americans Series, a historical series about Native American tribes.
Sneve's work has garnered numerous honors, including the South Dakota Governor's Award in the Arts for Distinction in Creative Achievement and the South Dakota Humanities Council's Distinguished Achievement in the Humanities Award. She has also received honorary doctorates from South Dakota State University and Dakota Wesleyan University. In 1996, she was awarded the National Education Association's Author/Illustrator Award, and in 2000, she became the first South Dakotan to receive the National Humanities Medal, presented by President Bill Clinton.
Throughout her career, Sneve has been a respected voice at literary festivals and educational forums, including the International Reading Association, the National Book Festival (2002), and the Native Writers Series at the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian (2005). With a prolific career spanning decades, she has authored fiction, nonfiction, short stories, articles, editorials, and book introductions solidifying her legacy as a leading figure in Native American literature.
Content and structure elements
Scope and content
The Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve Papers document the literary career, research, and advocacy of the acclaimed Lakota writer, educator, and historian. Spanning from the 1960s to the 2020s, the collection includes manuscripts, correspondence, research materials, and published works that reflect her dedication to Native American storytelling and cultural preservation. It offers a comprehensive look at her contributions to literature, education, and Indigenous representation.
The Creative Writings series contains an extensive range of works, including Completing the Circle, The Medicine Bag, Dancing Teepees, Standing Bear of the Ponca, Sioux Women, and other significant titles. Each work is accompanied by manuscripts, clippings, correspondence, research notes, printer's galleys, proofs, reviews, and scripts. Many manuscripts include editorial annotations and suggested revisions, highlighting the development process of her works. Correspondence primarily consists of letters between Sneve and her publishers, as well as heartfelt messages from schoolchildren, some with drawings, thanking her for her books and school visits. Research materials within the series include notes, collected documents, and recorded interviews. The collection also includes a video adaptation of High Elk's Treasure.
The General series encompasses a broad spectrum of materials, including documentation of Sneve's various activities, honors, and awards, speaking engagements, clippings, interviews, journals, and diverse research materials. Her involvement in numerous boards, commissions, and cultural organizations is well documented, along with numerous honors such as the National Humanities Medal, Spirit of Crazy Horse Award, and recognition from educational and arts organizations across South Dakota and nationally. The speaking engagements reflect her role as a prominent public voice on Native American literature, history, and culture, featuring presentations at conferences, universities, museums, and festivals across the United States and internationally.
The Correspondence series features exchanges with publishing houses, fellow writers such as Bob Karolevitz and Audrae Visser, and political figures including Senator Larry Pressler. Of particular note is an audio reel of an interview Sneve conducted with Harold Shunk, a Bureau of Indian Affairs superintendent. The series also contains various teaching aids and historical photographs, including a 1901 class photo, adding depth to the collection's educational value.
The Other Writings series highlights Sneve's contributions beyond creative literature. This includes published articles, scripts for a South Dakota Public Radio series, Christian education resources produced for the Episcopal Church Center, newspaper editorials, studies related to the Flandreau Indian School, and her contribution to On the Wings of Peace, a compilation benefiting world peace organizations. These materials showcase her engagement with broader educational and social issues within and beyond Native communities.
This collection serves as a significant resource for researchers, scholars, and educators studying Indigenous literature, storytelling, and cultural history. It offers insights into Native identity, advocacy, and representation, highlighting Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve's enduring impact on Native American literary and educational landscapes.
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English
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Bibliography
Sneve, Virginia Driving Hawk.
- High Elk's Treasure. Holiday House, 1972.
- Jimmy Yellow Hawk. Holiday House, 1972.
- Dakota' s Heritage: A Compilation of Indian Place Names in South Dakota. Brevet Press, 1973.
- South Dakota Geographic Names. Brevet Press, 1973.
- Betrayed. Holiday House, 1974.
- When Thunders Spoke. Holiday House, 1974.
- They Led a Nation: Biographical & Pictorial of 20 Dakota Leaders. Brevet Press, 1975.
- That They May Have Life: The Episcopal Church in South Dakota, 1859-1976. Seabury Press, 1977.
- The Twelve Moons. Houghton Mifflin, 1977
- The Time of the Horse and the Tribe of the Burnt Thigh. Houghton Mifflin, 1981
- Dancing Teepees: Poems of American Indian Youth. Holiday House, 1989.
- The Chichi Hoohoo Bogeyman. University of Nebraska Press, 1993
- The Navajos. Holiday House, 1993
- The Sioux. Holiday House, 1993.
- When Thunders Spoke. University of Nebraska Press, 1993.
- The Nez Perce. Holiday House, 1994.
-The Seminoles. Holiday House, 1994. - Completing the Circle. University of Nebraska Press, 1995.
- The Hopis. Holiday House, 19955 The Iroquois. Holiday House, 1995.
- The Cherokees. Holiday House, 1996.
- The Cheyenne. Holiday House, 1996
- The Apache. Holiday House, 1997.
- The Trickster and the Troll. University of Nebraska Press, 1997.
- Grandpa Was a Cowboy & an Indian and Other Stories. University of Nebraska Press, 2000.
- Enduring Wisdom: Sayings from Native Americans. Holiday House, 2003.
- Bad River Boys: A Meeting of the Lakota Sioux with Lewis and Clark. Holiday House, 2005.
- Lana's Lakota Moons. University of Nebraska Press, 2007.
- The Christmas Coat: Memories of My Sioux Childhood. Holiday House, 2011.
- Standing Bear of the Ponca. University of Nebraska Press, 2013.
- Sioux Women: Traditionally Sacred. South Dakota Historical Society Press, 2016.
- With Respect and Honor [video recording]. American Indian History Conference (10th: 2002: South Dakota State University), 2002.
- Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve, Reviews and Advertising. [S.l.: s.n.], 1976?.
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Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve retains the literary rights, including copyright, to this material. Patrons wishing to publish from this material must obtain permission directly from Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve. For further information, consult with the staff.
In Copyright This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
Materials in this collection may be subject to Title 17, Section 108 of the United States Copyright Act. Users are responsible for ensuring compliance with copyright, privacy, trademark, and other applicable rights for their intended use. Obtaining all necessary permissions is the user's responsibility. Written authorization from the copyright and/or other rights holders is required for publication, distribution, or any use of protected materials beyond what is permitted under fair use.
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- Sneve, Virginia Driving Hawk (Subject)